Trumega 1000mg Capsule (30pcs Pot)

Hypertriglyceridemia

Hypertriglyceridemia is a condition characterized by elevated levels of triglycerides (a type of fat) in the blood. High triglyceride levels can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and pancreatitis.

Causes:

• Genetic predisposition (familial hypertriglyceridemia)
• Poor diet (high in sugars and fats)
• Obesity
• Lack of physical activity
• Excessive alcohol intake
• Certain medical conditions (diabetes, hypothyroidism, kidney disease)
• Medications (oral contraceptives, beta-blockers, steroids)

Symptoms:

• Often asymptomatic
• When extremely high, can cause pancreatitis (severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting)
• Xanthomas
• Hepatosplenomegaly (enlarged liver and spleen)

Diagnosis:

• Blood tests measure triglyceride levels.

Treatment:

• Lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise, weight loss, alcohol reduction)
• Medications (fibrates, omega-3 fatty acids, statins)

Prophylaxis of Myocardial Infarction

Prophylaxis of myocardial infarction (heart attack) refers to the measures taken to prevent the occurrence of a heart attack, particularly in individuals at high risk or those who have already had a myocardial infarction.

Primary Prophylaxis:

• Focuses on preventing the first occurrence of a heart attack.

Secondary Prophylaxis:

• Aims to prevent recurrent heart attacks in patients who have already experienced one.

Lifestyle Modifications:

• A healthy diet (low in saturated fats, high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains)
• Regular physical activity
• Smoking cessation
• Weight management
• Limiting alcohol intake

Medications:

• Antiplatelet agents (aspirin, clopidogrel)
• Statins (to lower cholesterol levels)
• Beta-blockers (to reduce blood pressure and heart workload)
• ACE inhibitors or ARBs (to control blood pressure and protect the heart)
• Omega-3 fatty acids (to lower triglycerides and provide cardiovascular benefits)

Monitoring and Management of Risk Factors:

• Regular check-ups to monitor blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and diabetes control
• Stress management and mental health support

In high-risk patients, procedures like angioplasty or coronary artery bypass surgery may be considered.

Uses of Trumega 1000mg Capsule

1. Dyslipidemia
2. Hypertriglyceridemia
3. Prophylaxis of Myocardial Infarction

How does Trumega 1000mg Capsule work?

The active ingredients, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

• Hypolipidemic Effect: Reduce plasma triglycerides by decreasing very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL).
• Anti-inflammatory Action: Affect leukotriene synthesis, reducing inflammation.
• Antiplatelet Effect: Influence prostanoid synthesis, leading to vasodilation, reduced platelet aggregation, increased bleeding time, and decreased platelet counts.

Dosage:

Adult Dose:

• Hypertriglyceridemia: 4 g once daily or 2 g twice daily.
• Secondary Prophylaxis of Myocardial Infarction: 1 g daily with food.
• Joint Inflammation (Mild Arthritis): 2.7 g daily.
• Mood Disorders & Impulse Control, Age-Related Macular Degeneration: 1 g daily.
• Patients should follow a lipid-lowering diet during treatment.

Children (<18 years):

• Safety and efficacy not established.

Side Effects:

• Immune System Disorders: Rare - hypersensitivity.
• Metabolism/Nutrition Disorders: Uncommon - hyperglycemia, gout.
• Nervous System Disorders: Uncommon - dizziness, dysgeusia, headache.
• Vascular Disorders: Uncommon - hypotension.
• Respiratory Disorders: Uncommon - epistaxis.
• Gastrointestinal Disorders: Common - abdominal distension, pain, constipation, diarrhea, dyspepsia, flatulence, eructation, gastroesophageal reflux, nausea/vomiting; Uncommon - gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
• Hepatobiliary Disorders: Rare - liver disorders (transaminase increase).
• Skin Disorders: Uncommon - rash; Rare - urticaria.

Composition:

• Each soft gelatin capsule contains 1000 mg of Omega-3-Acid Ethyl Esters BP, which includes:
  • Eicosapentaenoic Acid BP: 80 mg
  • Docosahexaenoic Acid BP: 120 mg

Administration:

Should be taken with food to enhance absorption.

Trumega: Omega-3-Acid Ethyl Esters

1. Adjunct to diet for reducing very high triglyceride levels (>500mg/dl) in adult patients.
2. Secondary prevention in patients who have had a myocardial infarction within the past 3 months.
3. Reduction of joint inflammation associated with mild arthritis.
4. Management of mood disorders and impulse control.
5. Prevention of age-related macular degeneration.

Pharmacology:

• Omega-3-acid ethyl esters reduce triglyceride production in the liver. They inhibit acyl-CoA:1,2-diacylglycerol acyltransferase, reducing triglyceride synthesis and increasing beta-oxidation, which increases fatty acid metabolism. They also inhibit the release of fatty acids, increase triglyceride clearance by enhancing lipoprotein lipase activity, and decrease VLDL-C production.

Interactions:

• No hemorrhagic complications have been noted with warfarin, but prothrombin time must be monitored when used together.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to any component of the medication.

Precautions:

• Hemorrhagic Disorders: Use with caution in patients with bleeding disorders or those on anticoagulants or antithrombotic drugs.
• Asthma: Asthmatic patients sensitive to aspirin should be used with caution.
• Hepatic Impairment: Monitor hepatic function, especially in patients receiving high doses.
• Lactation: It is not known if this medication is excreted in breast milk; use with caution.

Pregnancy & Lactation:

• Should be used during pregnancy only if the benefit justifies the risk to the fetus. Unknown if excreted in human milk; use with caution in lactating mothers.

Precautions & Warnings:

• Monitor bleeding time in patients on anticoagulant therapy and adjust dosage if necessary.
• Increased bleeding time in high-risk patients (e.g., trauma, surgery).
• Not recommended for children due to lack of data.
• Monitor ASAT and ALAT levels in patients with liver damage signs, especially with high dosages.
• Not indicated for exogenous hypertriglyceridemia (type 1 hyperchylomicronemia). Limited experience with secondary endogenous hypertriglyceridemia.

Storage Conditions:

• Store below 25°C in a dry and cool place.